Molecular Pathogenesis of Euthyroid and Toxic Multinodular Goiter

UpToDate®: 'Treatment of toxic adenoma and toxic multinodular goiter'

There are two clinical situations in which establishing the diagnosis of a toxic adenoma or toxic multinodular goiter is more difficult. First, the autonomously functioning tissue may be sufficiently diffuse that it is difficult to differentiate a toxic multinodular goiter from Graves' disease by thyroid scintigraphy alone. When it is important to distinguish these disorders, a high serum conce...

Thyroid cancer in toxic and non-toxic multinodular goiter.

BACKGROUND Many authors have claimed that hyperthyroidism protects against thyroid cancer and believed that the incidence of malignancy is lower in patients with toxic multinodular goiter (TMG) than in those with non-toxic multinodular goiter. But in recent studies, it was reported that the incidence of malignancy with TMG is not as low as previously thought. AIM To compare the thyroid cancer...

Pathogenesis of Heterogeneity in Human Multinodular Goiter

Functional and morphologic heterogeneity ofhuman multinodular goiters was investigated in 300 samples from "cold" and "hot" regions of 20 goiters transplanted onto nude mice. Transplants were labeled with [Hjthymidine and radioiodine, while the host's thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion was either stimulated or suppressed. Proliferation and function of follicular cells were assessed in ...

A Review of the Pathogenesis and Management of Multinodular Goiter

Anaplastic carcinoma and toxic multinodular goiter: an unusual presentation.

A 70-year-old male was referred with hyperthyroidism and multinodular goiter (MNG). Thyroid ultrasonography showed 2 nodules, one in the isthmus and the other in the left lobe, 51 and 38 mm in diameter, respectively. Neck CT showed a large MNG, thyroid scintigraphy showed increased uptake in the nodule in the left lobe, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy showed a benign cytology of the nodule in...